The wilting of a tree is a complex and often gradual process that can occur during any season. This has influenced by a variety of factors both natural and human-induced. Each season presents unique challenges that can contribute to a tree’s decline and eventual death.

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In spring, a tree has failed to thrive if it experiences root damage from frost heaving, a phenomenon where the ground freezes and thaws repeatedly, disrupting root systems. Additionally, trees that have been weakened by disease or pests over the winter may struggle to produce new growth. Diseases like apple scab or cedar-apple rust can take hold in the spring. This has prevented the tree from properly leafing out. It is crucial for photosynthesis and energy production.

Figure 1: Death of Trees 

During summer, trees face the stress of higher temperatures and increased demand for water. Prolonged drought can lead to dehydration, especially if the tree’s root system is not deep or widespread enough to access water reserves. In some cases, heat stress can cause leaves to scorch or drop prematurely, weakening the tree’s overall health. Furthermore, summer is when many pests, such as bark beetles or emerald ash borers, are most active. This has attacked and sometimes killed trees from the inside out.

In autumn, trees prepare for dormancy, but they have weakened due to previous seasons’ stressors. They may be unable to store sufficient energy to survive the winter. Root rot, caused by waterlogged soils during fall rains, can also set in, disrupting the tree’s ability to absorb nutrients. Finally, winter brings the threat of frost damage, especially in young trees or those not suited to the climate. Severe cold snaps can freeze water within the tree’s cells, causing them to burst and damaging vital tissues. Heavy snow or ice accumulation can also lead to limb breakage, further weakening the tree.

Figure 2: Conversion of leaves in brown colour in summer 

The death of a tree can be caused by a combination of environmental stressors, diseases, pests, and physical damage. Each season presents unique challenges, and a tree’s ability to survive depends on its resilience and the care it receives throughout the year.

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